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Kirkwood, J.M., Butterfield, L.H., Tarhini, A.A., Zarour, H., Kalinski, P. and Ferrone, S. (2012) Immunotherapy of Cancer in 2012. Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 62, 309- 335. doi:10.3322/caac.20132

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: New era in cancer immunotherapy: Twenty years to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies harnessing the immune system to eradicate tumors

  AUTHORS: Britta Hardy, Annat Raiter

  KEYWORDS: Cancer Immunotherapy; Monoclonal Antibodies; Anergy; T Cell Receptors

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, Vol.4 No.4A, April 29, 2013

  ABSTRACT: The better understanding of the mechanism in which the immune system responds to the developing cancer provided the outcome in a new era in cancer immunotherapy. The tumor suppressive effect on the immune system is caused by negative T cell receptor signaling that abrogate immunity against the cancer cells. Novel monoclonal antibodies that target co-inhibitory receptors on T cells block the tumor induced inhibition of the immune system and enable the immune system to eradicate the tumors. The development of such antibodies started twenty years ago by the preparation of a monoclonal antibody termed BAT. A single administration of the antibody to tumor bearing mice resulted in striking anti tumor activity that was mediated by the lymphocytes. These studies provided a basis for the new era of cancer immunotherapy. The present review summarizes twenty years to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies harnessing the immune system to eradicate tumors.