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Ding, R., Medeiros, M., Dadhania, D., Muthukumar, T., Kracker, D., Kong, J.M., Epstein, S.R., Sharma, V.K., Seshan, S.V., Li, B. and Suthanthiran, M. (2002) Noninvasive diagnosis of BK virus nephritis by measurement of messenger RNA for BK virus VP1 in urine. Transplantation, 74, 987-994.

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• TITLE: Urinary polyomavirus infections in neurodevelopmental disorders

  AUTHORS: Ivan Gentile, Laura Altieri, Carla Lintas, Roberto Sacco, Paolo Curatolo, Arianna Benvenuto, Filippo Muratori, Elisa Santocchi, Carmela Bravaccio, Carlo Lenti, Raffaella Faggioli, Roberto Rigardetto, Marina Gandione, Giuseppe Portella, Emanuela Zappulo, Guglielmo Borgia, Antonio M. Persico

  KEYWORDS: Autism; BKV; Down Syndrome; Fragile X Syndrome; JCV; SV40

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Psychiatry, Vol.3 No.2A, April 16, 2013

  ABSTRACT: We have recently reported enhanced frequencies of polyomavirus infection in post-mortem brain tissue of autistic patients compared to controls. To further explore potential contributions to neurodevelopmental disorders by polyomaviruses, we have employed specie-specific TaqMan assays to assess the prevalence and titres of BKV, JCV and SV40 inthe urines of 87 patients with autism spectrum disorder, 84 controls matched by sex and age with the autistic sample, 15 subjects with Down syndrome and 13 fragile X individuals. Prevalence rates of urinary BKV infection were significantly greater in Down syndrome and fragile X patients compared to autistic and control individuals (P