TITLE:
A proposed model for understanding human-bacterial interactions: Space-time approach on community Escherichia coli occurrence and resistance phenomenon
AUTHORS:
Carlos R. V. Kiffer, Antonio M. V. Monteiro, Eduardo C. G. Camargo, Antonio C. C. Pignatari
KEYWORDS:
Escherichia coli; Antimicrobial Agents; Microbiome
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.4 No.4,
April
11,
2013
ABSTRACT: Due
to ecological effect, it is expected that population exposures to antimicrobial
drugs may lead to microorganisms’ modifications, occasionally leading to resistance
emergence. The present review was based on previous
empirical data and on related literature search for quantitative
empirical models exploring the human-bacterial interactions. Our previous studies
have shown the emergence of ciprofloxacin resistant
(CIP-R) Escherichia coli significantly related to previous specific
levels of ciprofloxacin consumption and to urban clusters of CIP-R E. coli.
The evidence of significant spatial clustering of antimicrobial resistance (ciprofloxacin resistance E. coli) reinforces
the ecological effect hypothesis as a major drive in resistance emergence. In
other words, human populations submitted to a certain ciprofloxacin or
quinolone usage level may affect neighbours within certain geographical
areas, not necessarily due to individual antimicrobial intake, but as a driving
pressure over a modified circulating E. coli population. Apparently quantitative
spatial-temporal analytical frameworks may be better for understanding human-bacterial interactions based on
any of their epiphenomena (antimicrobial consumption, antimicrobial
resistance, geno/phenotypic characteristics).