TITLE:
Suppression of Sebum Production and Accumulation by β-Cryptoxanthin Due to the Inhibition of the Expression of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase-1 and Perilipin in Hamster Sebocytes
AUTHORS:
Takashi Sato, Yoshiyuki Shirakura, Katsuyuki Mukai, Akira Ito
KEYWORDS:
β-Cryptoxanthin; Sebocytes; Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis; Diacyglycerol Acyltransferase; Perilipin; Lipid-Droplet Formation; Sebum
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications,
Vol.3 No.1,
March
7,
2013
ABSTRACT: Background:
Acne vulgaris is characterized by the enhancement of sebaceous lipogenesis and
sebum secretion, and apart from retinoids and some natural products there are
few effective antiacne agents that directly suppress sebum production and
accumulation in sebaceous glands. Objective:
We examined the effects of β-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX), which is a carotenoid
pigment most abundant in Citrus unshiu Marcovich (Satsuma mandarin orange) and plays a role as a vitamin A precursor on
sebum production and accumulation in hamster sebaceous gland cells (sebocytes). Materials and methods: The regulation
of sebum production was examined by the measurement of triacylglycerols (TGs),
the major sebum component, and oil red O staining in insulindifferentiated
hamster sebocytes. The expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT-1),
a rate-limiting enzyme of TG biosynthesis, and perilipin 1 (PLIN1), a lipid storage
droplet protein, was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results: Hamster sebocytes constitutively
produced TGs during cultivation and the production of TGs was enhanced by
insulin treatment. Both constitutive and insulin-enhanced TG productions were
dose- and time-dependently inhibited by β-CRX as well
as 13-cis retinoic acid. In addition,
the gene expression of DGAT-1 was suppressed by β-CRX in the
sebocytes. Furthermore, the insulin-en- hanced sebum accumulation as lipid droplets was reduced in the β-CRX-treated cells. Moreover, β-CRX was found to suppress the gene expression and production of PLIN1 in insulin-differentiated hamster
sebocytes. Conclusions: These results provide novel evidence that β-CRX is an effective candidate for acne therapy by its ability to
exert dual inhibitory actions against
DGAT-1-dependent TG production and PLIN1-mediated lipiddroplet formation in hamster
sebocytes.