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F. J. Gilbert, S. M. Astley, M. A. McGee, M. G. Gillan, C. R. Boggis, P. M. Griffiths and S. W. Duffy, “Single Reading with Computer-Aided Detection and Double Reading of Screening Mammograms in the United Kingdom National Breast Screening Program,” Radiology, Vol. 241, No. 1, 2006, pp. 47-53. doi:10.1148/radiol.2411051092

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: On Wavelet Transform General Modulus Maxima Metric for Singularity Classification in Mammograms

  AUTHORS: Tomislav Bujanovic, Ikhlas Abdel-Qader

  KEYWORDS: Continuous Wavelet Transform; Fractal Dimension; General Modulus Maximum; Microcalcification; Singularity; Smoothed Impulse Function

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Medical Imaging, Vol.3 No.1, March 4, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Continuous wavelet transform is employed to detect singularities in 2-D signals by tracking modulus maxima along maxima lines and particularly applied to microcalcification detection in mammograms. The microcalcifications are modeled as smoothed positive impulse functions. Other target property detection can be performed by adjusting its mathematical model. In this application, the general modulus maximum and its scale of each singular point are detected and statistically analyzed locally in its neighborhood. The diagnosed microcalcification cluster results are compared with health tissue results, showing that general modulus maxima can serve as a suspicious spot detection tool with the detection performance no significantly sensitive to the breast tissue background properties. Performed fractal analysis of selected singularities supports the statistical findings. It is important to select the suitable computation parameters-thresholds of magnitude, argument and frequency range-in accordance to mathematical description of the target property as well as spatial and numerical resolution of the analyzed signal. The tests are performed on a set of images with empirically selected parameters for 200 μm/pixel spatial and 8 bits/pixel numerical resolution, appropriate for detection of the suspicious spots in a mammogram. The results show that the magnitude of a singularity general maximum can play a significant role in the detection of microcalcification, while zooming into a cluster in image finer spatial resolution both magnitude of general maximum and the spatial distribution of the selected set of singularities may lead to the breast abnormality characterization.