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Yamazaki, K., Aiso, S., Matsumoto, M., Kano, H., Arito, H., Nagano, K., Yamamoto, S. and Matsushima, T. (2006) Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene in rats and mice by two years feeding. Industrial Health, 44, 230-243. doi:10.2486/indhealth.44.230

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• TITLE: Biological implications of 2-chlorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione toward ribonuclease A

  AUTHORS: Albert R. Vaughn, Caitlin B. Redman, Sophia M. Kang, Jisook Kim

  KEYWORDS: Chlorobenzoquinone; PAH; Protein Modification; Ribonuclease A

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, Vol.4 No.1, January 21, 2013

  ABSTRACT: 2-Chlorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (CBQ) or 2-chloro1,4-benzquinone is one of the common metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generated through industrial processes. This report describes the biological effects of CBQ toward ribonuclease A (RNase). We also investigated the inhibition of RNase modifications and the reactivity of CBQ toward selected amino acids. The study was carried out by incubating RNase or amino acids with CBQ in a concentration- and a time-dependent manner at 37°C and pH 7.0. SDS-PAGE results showed oligomerization as well as polymeric aggregation of RNase when incubated with CBQ as early as in 10 min. CBQ-induced RNase modifications were inhibited in the presence of NADH or ascorbic acid. CBQ reactivity toward selected amino acids was also evaluated by determining the second-order rate constants for the reactions of CBQ with selected amino acids. It was found that the reactivity toward CBQ decreased in the order of lysine > threonine > serine >> aspartate > cysteine.