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Morbt, N., Tomm, J., Feltens, R., Mogel, I., Kalkhof, S., Murugesan, K., Wirth, H., Vogt, C., Binder, H., Lehmann, I. and von Bergen, M. (2010) Chlorinated benzenes cause concomitantly oxidative stress and induction of apoptotic markers in lung epithelial cells (A549) at nonacute toxic concentrations. Journal of Proteome Research, 10, 363-378. doi:10.1021/pr1005718

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• TITLE: Biological implications of 2-chlorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione toward ribonuclease A

  AUTHORS: Albert R. Vaughn, Caitlin B. Redman, Sophia M. Kang, Jisook Kim

  KEYWORDS: Chlorobenzoquinone; PAH; Protein Modification; Ribonuclease A

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, Vol.4 No.1, January 21, 2013

  ABSTRACT: 2-Chlorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (CBQ) or 2-chloro1,4-benzquinone is one of the common metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generated through industrial processes. This report describes the biological effects of CBQ toward ribonuclease A (RNase). We also investigated the inhibition of RNase modifications and the reactivity of CBQ toward selected amino acids. The study was carried out by incubating RNase or amino acids with CBQ in a concentration- and a time-dependent manner at 37°C and pH 7.0. SDS-PAGE results showed oligomerization as well as polymeric aggregation of RNase when incubated with CBQ as early as in 10 min. CBQ-induced RNase modifications were inhibited in the presence of NADH or ascorbic acid. CBQ reactivity toward selected amino acids was also evaluated by determining the second-order rate constants for the reactions of CBQ with selected amino acids. It was found that the reactivity toward CBQ decreased in the order of lysine > threonine > serine >> aspartate > cysteine.