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M. H. Han, W. K. Yon, H. Lee, et al., “Topical Application of Silymarin Reduces Chemical-Induced Irritant Contact Dermatitis in BALB/c Mice,” International Immunopharmacology, Vol. 7, No. 13, 2007, pp. 1651-1658. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2007.08.019

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• TITLE: Redox Factor-1 Mediates Inflammatory Response during Tumor Promotion in Skin Epidermal JB6 Cells

  AUTHORS: Delira Robbins, Wenjuan Li, Katie Humphrey, Yunfeng Zhao

  KEYWORDS: Ref-1; Tumorigenesis; JB6 Cells; Tumor Promotion; Chemoprevention

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Apoptosis, Vol.1 No.3, October 26, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Recently, redox factor-1 (Ref-1) has received considerable attention as an enzyme for stimulating tumor cell growth. We hypothesized that Ref-1 is upregulated during the early stage of tumorigenesis. Utilizing both tumor promotion sensitive P+ and promotion resistant P? mouse skin epidermal JB6 cells, we found that Ref-1 expression was only induced in tumor promotion sensitive P+ cells following TPA treatment. Consistent with that, Ref-1 knockdown suppressed skin cell transformation. Interestingly, Ref-1 knockdown suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB subunit p65, and inhibited production of proinflammatory cytokines. These results suggest Ref-1 may promote early tumorigenesis and serve as a target for chemoprevention.