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National Engineering Services Pakistan (NESPAK), Associated Consulting Engineers (ACE), Barqaab Consulting Services (BCS), Binnie, Black and Veatch, UK (BBV), MWH Americas Inc., “Sedimentation Studies of Mangla Dam Raising Project,” Vol. 1. Project Report Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA), Pakistan, 2004.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Modeling the Mangla Dam Spillway for Cavitation and Aerators Optimization

  AUTHORS: Mohammad Rafi, Akhtar Ali, Ghulam Qadir, Rafaquat Ali

  KEYWORDS: Spillway; Model Studies; Discharging Capacity; Cavitation Risk; Aerators Optimization

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.4 No.12, December 14, 2012

  ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of increased reservoir conservation level by 40 ft (12.2 m), on spillway velocities; it’s discharging capacity and associated cavitation risk. The study optimized the aerators size and shape to avoid cavitations. The mathematical model was used to estimate the flow velocities and cavitation risk, when scale model study assessed the spillway discharging capacity and optimized the performance of the aerators for modified conditions. The mathematical model simulations showed increased flow velocities and damage index for modified conditions. The damage potential was 2 - 3 times higher with modifications and falls within the major to catastrophic region. The scale model study showed that discharging capacity of the spillway can effectively be restricted to original design by raising spillway crest by 5.0 ft (1.52 m). The scale model study also showed that the two aerators near sluice and at the chute with an air duct pipe of 3.0 ft diameter can improve the free surface flow profile reducing the risks of cavitation. Simulations for several configurations demonstrated clearer affect of aerators ramps on flow trajectory and gate opening. It also depicted that the height of the ramp of sluice aerator has a positive effect on the flow performance to about 7.5 inches (19 cm), when further increase in the ramp height reduced the flow performance.