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Harding, K.G., Dennis, J.S., Blottnitz, H.V. and Harrison, S.T.L.J. (2007) A life cycle comparison between inorganic and biological catalysis for the production of biodiesel. Clean Production, 16, 1368-1378. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.07.003

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: LCA studies for alkaline and enzyme catalyzed biodiesel production from palm oil

  AUTHORS: Pogaku Ravindra, Subash Saralan, Rahmath Abdulla

  KEYWORDS: Biodiesel; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Enzyme Catalyzed Process

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Biological Chemistry, Vol.2 No.4, November 21, 2012

  ABSTRACT: The life cycle analysis of biodiesel production from palm oil (PO) involves 3 stages: 1) Cultivation; 2) Oil Extraction and 3) Transesterification of PO. There are several different approaches to the production process. The enzyme catalyzed process, was investigated and its environmental performance was compared with the conventional alkali-catalyzed process by using life cycle analysis (LCA). The enzyme catalyzed process is found to be technically a simpler production process and offers the production of less environmentally damaging wastes.