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Jarboe, T., & Sadler, S. (2003) It’s as easy as 123: Patterns and activities for a creative, balanced math program. Peterborough, NJ: Crystal Springs BooksNational Councils of Teachers of Mathematics. (1993). Curriculum and evaluation standards for school mathematics Addenda Series, Grades K-6. Reston, VA: NCTM.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Patterning Abilities of First Grade Children: Effects of Dimension and Type

  AUTHORS: K. Marinka Gadzichowski

  KEYWORDS: Patterning; Cognitive Development; Education

  JOURNAL NAME: Creative Education, Vol.3 No.5, September 27, 2012

  ABSTRACT: In the United States children receive instruction on recognizing patterns beginning most often in kindergarten and continuing on through early elementary school years. Although widely accepted and included in curricula, patterning instruction has not been based on empirical research. The current study is the first attempt to determine how the dimension, e.g. color or shape, in which a pattern is displayed impacts children’s ability to understand the pattern. This study is also an initial exploration of whether the overall “rule” of the pattern impacted a child’s ability to recognize a pattern. Five types of patterns displayed in five different dimensions were presented to 204 first grade children in a completely counterbanced order. Results indicated that the dimension in which a pattern was displayed made no difference to the children. Patterns with alternating elements were significantly easier than any others, and those with increasing numbers of elements were significantly more difficult. Implications for instruction in patterning were discussed.