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R. H. Sanders, “The Virial Discrepancy in Clusters of Galaxies in the Context of Modified Newtonian Dynamics,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 512, No. 1, 1999, p. L23. doi:10.1086/311865

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: How Dark Energy Affects the MOND Theory in Clusters

  AUTHORS: Man Ho Chan

  KEYWORDS: Gravitation-Galaxies; Clusters; General-Dark Matter

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Modern Physics, Vol.3 No.9A, September 28, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is one of the successful theories to explain the dark matter problem in galaxies. However, the data from clusters and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) indicate some dark matter should exist in larger scales. In addition, recent dynamical studies of clusters show that the effect of dark energy should not be ignored in cluster scale. In this article, I will demonstrate how dark energy affects the cluster mass calculation by using MOND. Also, I will show that the calculated cluster mass is consistent with the total matter to baryonic matter ratio obtained by the CMB data.