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Cuthbertson, J., Patterson, S., O’Harte, F.P. and Bell, P.M. (2011) Addition of metformin to exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 results in increased serum glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations and greater glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism, 60, 52-56. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.001

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• TITLE: Response of low active GLP-1 like substances to test meal in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with obese controls with normal glucose tolerance

  AUTHORS: Kyuzi Kamoi, Nobumasa Ohara, Tomoo Ikarashi, You Shinozaki, Kazuo Furukawa, Hideo Sasaki

  KEYWORDS: Active GLP-1; Test Meal; BMI; Obesity; Japanese Type 2DM

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, Vol.2 No.3, August 31, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Background: A secretion of plasma active GLP-1 (p-active GLP-1) after ingestion of breakfast test meal (TM) is decreased in obese European patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there was no significant difference in pactive GLP-1 secretion following TM between obese Japanese patients with T2DM and controls. The findings indicate the difference may be due to different races or dietary’s customs of subjects. Aims: We examined whether pactive GLP-1 is truly affected by TM in obese Japanese patients (n = 24, group 1) and obese controls (n = 12, group 2). Methods: Glucose (PG), insulin (s-IRI), C-peptide (s-CPR) and active GLP-1 like substances (p-active GLP-1-S) levels in blood were measured 0, 30 and 60 min after TM. Obese Japanese patients with mean 9 years of diabetes had micro- and macro-vascular disturbances and were treated with diet, exercise and/or oral drugs for hyperglycemia. Results: There was no significant difference in sex, age or BMI between groups. Means HbA1c and PG were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. There were no significant differences in means of basal s-IRI, HOMA-R and s-CPR between groups. However, means of HOMA-β, insulinogenic index, postprandial s-IRI, s-CPR and p-active GLP-1-S or p-active GLP-1-S/PG values after TM were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. Conclusions: These results indicate that a response of p-active GLP-1-S after TM in obese Japanese patients with T2DM was decreased and secretion of GLP-1 relative to PG was impaired. The method of enhancing function of active GLP-1 may be useful for treatment in some of patients with diabetes mellitus.