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G. Cornelissen, O. Gustafsson, T. D. Bucheli, M. T. O. Jonker, A. A. Koelmans and P. C. M. V. Noort, “Extensive Sorption of Organic Compounds to Black Carbon, Coal, and Kerogen in Sediments and Soils: Mechanisms and Consequences for Distribution, Bioaccumulation, and Biodegradation,” Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 39, No. 18, 2005, pp. 6881-6895. doi:10.1021/es050191b

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• TITLE: Impact of Simulated Airborne Soot on Maize Growth and Development

  AUTHORS: Angela Anda, Berndett Illes

  KEYWORDS: Black Carbon; Maize; Evapotranspiration; Albedo; Dry Matter Yield

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.3 No.8, August 21, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Various effects of the dry deposition of soot on maize were investigated in Keszthely (Hungary) in two consecutive years. In order to be able to study a wider range of weather conditions, some of the plants were placed in a Thornthwaite-Matter type evapotranspirometer and given ad libitum water supplies. Pollution with airborne black carbon was simulated throughout the season by distributing rates of 3 g?m–2 a week using a motorised dust sprayer. Among the plant growth parameters, the leaf area index was increased by 3% - 14%, depending on the year, suggesting that the plants were able to absorb the carbon settling on the leaves. The black carbon reduced the albedo of the canopy by 17.5% - 21.8%, depending on the year, forcing the polluted maize to absorb more energy. Part of this surplus energy was utilised for increased evapotranspiration (3.9% and 11% in the two years) and to raise the surface temperature of the canopy by 1℃ - 2℃ during the mid-day hours. The effect of the contamination on maize was more intense in the hot, dry year. The unfavourable effect of soot on maize fertilisation could be observed as a significant increase in the number of deformed ears, leading to a reduction in grain dry matter. The reduction in dry matter yield for polluted maize grown with irrigation in the evapotranspirometer was far less severe than that on non-irrigated plots, suggesting that irrigation was the most obvious solution for mitigating the negative effects of contamination with airborne soot.