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A. H. Piersma, M. Luijten, V. Popov, V. Tomenk, M. Altstein, F. Kagampang and H. Schlesinger, “Pharmaceuticals,” In: I. Shaw, Ed., Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Food, Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, 2009, pp. 459-518. doi:10.1533/9781845695743.4.459

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Development of Immunochemical Methods for Purification and Detection of the Steroid Drug Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

  AUTHORS: Alisa Bronshtein, Alex Krol, Haim Schlesinger, Miriam Altstein

  KEYWORDS: Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; ELISA; Immunoaffinity Chromatography; Sol-Gel; Pharmaceutical Residues; Residue Monitoring

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.3 No.7, July 18, 2012

  ABSTRACT: An immunochemical sol-gel-based immunoaffinity purification (IAP) method for purification and detection of the progestin drug medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was developed. A polyclonal antibody (Ab) for MPA was generated, and two competitive (indirect and direct) sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for its detection were developed and implemented to determine the recovery and efficiency of the sol-gel based IAP method. The detection limits of the assays were 1.4 ± 0.2 ng·mL-1 (n = 4) and 4.0 ± 0.4 ng·mL-1 (n = 25) for the indirect and direct ELISAs, respectively. The Abs did not exhibit cross-reactivity with any other progestin or steroid hormone, with the exception of megestrol acetate, with which the Ab exhibited 76% cross-reactivity. The sol-gel IAP method successfully eliminated serum interference to a degree that enabled ELISA analysis of spiked serum samples. This method was also found fully compatible with subsequent chemical analytical methods, such as liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The approaches developed in this study form a basis for analysis of MPA in biological samples and may be further used to study population exposure to MPA and to monitor MPA contamination in water samples.