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R. W. Yarnell, D. A. Ewing, E. Tierney and M. H. Smith, “Sacralization of Epidural Block with Repeated Doses of 0.25% Bupivacaine during Labor,” Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, Vol. 15, No. 6, 1990, pp. 275-279.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Introduction of a New Concept of Pain Management during Labor and a Novel Technique for Pain Free Labor

  AUTHORS: I. Kozlov, M. Ackert

  KEYWORDS: Pain Free Labor; Blockade of 2nd Stage of Labor; Combined Spinal Epidural (CSE); Hyperbaric Tetracaine; Saddle Block

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Anesthesiology, Vol.2 No.3, July 4, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Traditional labor epidural techniques have not been proven to be sufficient to cover the second stage of labor. We have developed a new concept of pain management during labor and a new technique that provides sufficient analgesia for second stage of labor. Combined Spinal Epidural with long lasting saddle block (with hyperbaric tetracaine) was used. Potentially pain free labor could be achieved by using this method. Utilizing hyperbaric Tetracaine intrathecally may provide a long lasting sensory sacral blockade. Primary outcome measure was absence of pain during pushing (2nd stage of labor). Patients received additional comfort during 1st stage of labor. Sample size included all patients that requested labor epidurals since 12/22/11 when this new technique was introduced.