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Li, X., Koller, G., Huang, J., Di Silvio, L., Renton, T., Esat, M., Bonfield, W. and Edirisinghe, M. (2010) A Novel Jet-based nHA patterning technique for osteoblast guidance. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 7, 189-197. doi:10.1098/rsif.2009.0101

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Generation of biomaterial particles with controlled dimensions via electrospraying

  AUTHORS: Xiang Li, Gaorong Han, Jie Huang, Mohan Edirisinghe, William Bonfield

  KEYWORDS: Electrospraying; Hydroxyapatite; Nozzle Geometry Effect

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Regenerative Medicine, Vol.1 No.1, June 29, 2012

  ABSTRACT: It is well known that small biomaterial particles can lead to superior properties demanded by advanced applications in tissue engineering. Electrospraying has been considered as a promising approach to prepare fine particles, but reducing the particle size during such jetting process is always challenging. This is because the size of the as-sprayed particles is always limited by the device outlet diameter used. In the study we show that hydroxyapatite (HA) relics of 2 - 3 μm with low standard deviation can be deposited using a large nozzle (diameter of 1100 μm) only by reducing the nozzle tip angle from 90° to 15°. The mechanism of such phenomenon was extensively discussed, and a range of refined HA patterns were successfully prepared using the updated electrspraying configuration. We anticipate our findings to have a significant impact on the research of nanostructured biomaterials with superior properties which are realized by reducing the particle size using a greener electrically-driven processing technique.