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G. S. Yi, H. C. Lu, S. Y. Zhao, G. Yue, W. J. Yang, D. P. Chen and L. H. Guo, “Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Application of Size-Controlled Nanocrystalline NaYF₄:Yb,Er Infrared-to-Visible Up-Conversion Phosphors,” Nano Letters, Vol. 4, No. 11, 2004, pp. 2191-2196. doi:10.1021/nl048680h

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: A Method to Improve the Up-Conversion Fluorescence of Polymer Modified NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) Nanocomposites

  AUTHORS: Weina Cui, Siyu Ni, Shunan Shan, Xingping Zhou

  KEYWORDS: Doping Ratio; Fluorescence; Ligand Exchange; Polyacrylic Acid; Sodium Yttrium Fluoride;Surface Modification

  JOURNAL NAME: World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering, Vol.2 No.2, June 22, 2012

  ABSTRACT: The modification of NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of an ionic surfactant is critical to their application in biological fields for better solubility and biocompatibility. In this work, NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) was transformed from insoluble, inactive to hydrophilic, biocompatible via ligand exchange modification with polyacrylic acid (PAA). Ligand exchange was carried out at room temperature when a colloidal solution of NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was treated with excess PAA. The PAA modified NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm) nanoparticles got better surface properties but with declined inner up-conversion fluorescence. Generally, coating an analogous layer of material outside the core nanoparticles can improve the optical properties of the core. Accordingly, NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm)/NaYF4 nanoparticles were synthesized before PAA modification to avoid the optical intensity decaying. The result of fluorescence test proved that the water soluble NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm)/NaYF4/PAA nanocomposites had a sound up-conversion property compared with that of NaYF4:Yb,Er(Tm)/PAA. Furthermore, the up-conversion fluorescence property of the nanocomposite varied with the doping ratio of Er(Tm) to Yb and the possible mechanism for this change was also discussed.