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Luo, Y., Szafraniak, I., Zakharo, N.D., Nagarajan, V., Steinhart, M., Ehrspohn, R.B.W., Endorff, J.H.W., Ra-mesh, R. and Alexe, M. (2003) Nanoshell tubes of fer-roelectric lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate. Ap-plied Physics Letters, 83(5377), 440-442.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Synthesis, structural characterization and formation mechanism of giant-dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 nanotubes

  AUTHORS: Nirupam Banerjee, Saluru Baba Krupanidhi

  KEYWORDS: Nano-Tubes; Sol-Gel; Templated Growth; High-K-Dielectrics

  JOURNAL NAME: Natural Science, Vol.2 No.7, July 29, 2010

  ABSTRACT: A capillary-enforced template-based method has been applied to fabricate calcium copper titanate (CaCu3Ti4O12, CCTO) nanotubes (diameter ~200 nm) by filling sol-gel CCTO precursor solution into the nanochannels of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates, subsequent heating for phase formation and fi- nally the removal of nano-channel templates by applying basic solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) have been employed to characterize the morphology, structure, and composition of as-prepared nanotubes. XRD and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) in-vestigations demonstrated that postannealed (750○C for 1 h) CCTO nanotubes were poly-crystalline with a cubic pseudo-perovskite cry- stal structure. The FE-SEM and TEM results showed that CCTO nanotubes were of uniform diameter (~200 nm) throughout their length. High resolution TEM (HRTEM) analysis confirm- ed that the obtained CCTO nanotubes are made of randomly aligned nano-particles 5-10 nm in size. EDX analysis demonstrated that stoichi- ometric CaCu3Ti4O12 was formed. The possible formation mechanism of CCTO nanotubes in the AAO template is discussed.