TITLE:
Challenges and Strategies of Mosquito Control in Sudan
AUTHORS:
Omar Bashir Ahmed
KEYWORDS:
Mosquito Control, Sudan, Challenges, Strategies, Personal Protection, Household Protection
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.17 No.11,
November
13,
2026
ABSTRACT: Mosquito-borne diseases constitute a persistent public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of mosquito control strategies relevant to Sudan. The proliferation and diverse types of mosquitoes in Sudan are driven by environmental, climatic, and infrastructure-related factors. The failure of mosquito control efforts in Sudan is largely attributable to the combined effects of conflict, deteriorating public health infrastructure, and severe shortages of operational resources. Interconnected factors, such as environmental and climatic pressures, infrastructure deterioration, conflict and population displacement, inadequate human and logistical resources, insufficient surveillance, waste accumulation, and increasing challenges related to insecticide resistance and vector adaptation and vector adaptation. Personal and household protection constitutes an important component of mosquito control, particularly in areas where mosquito-borne diseases are endemic. Personal measures such as repellents, protective clothing, and insecticide-treated bed nets can reduce direct human-mosquito contact, while household measures such as source reduction, improved drainage, waste management, physical barriers, and mosquito traps can reduce mosquito abundance and access to human hosts. Environmental source reduction should remain the foundation, supported by targeted biological and chemical control and, where feasible, carefully evaluated novel technologies. Sustained surveillance, intersectoral coordination, and community participation are essential for achieving effective, environmentally responsible, and durable mosquito suppression.