TITLE:
Chronic Gastritis: Evaluation of the OLGA and OLGIM Systems at CNHU-HKM in Cotonou, Benin: A Retrospective Analysis of 600 Cases
AUTHORS:
Falilatou Seidou, Dominique Raoul Hebel Gomez, Antoine Houndonougbo, Martin Sokpon, Fidelia Nihad Da Silva, Alexis Gédéon Houessou-Yovo, Déo-Gracias Houmènou, Maimounatou Atindehou, Jude Agonhoundjè, Luc Valère Codjo Brun, Marie Thérèse Akele-Akpo
KEYWORDS:
OLGA, OLGIM, Chronic Gastritis, Sydney System, Helicobacter pylori
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pathology,
Vol.16 No.4,
October
29,
2026
ABSTRACT: Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional analysis included 600 histologically confirmed cases (April 2023-December 2024), irrespective of Helicobacter pylori status. Agreement was assessed with quadratic-weighted Cohen’s kappa; an exact McNemar test compared advanced-stage classifications. Eight secondary grade-by-stage comparisons used Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact tests, as appropriate, with Holm correction. Results: Mean age was 47.70 years ± 17.21 years. OLGA classified 332 patients (55.3%) in stages 3 - 4, versus 7 (1.2%) by OLGIM; 565 (94.2%) were OLGIM stage 0. Severe antral inflammation differed across OLGA stages (1.2% at stage 0 vs 86.0% at stage 4; P H. pylori-negative proportions declined from 50.6% to 1.8%, while severe density rose from 3.6% to 29.8%; density was not associated with OLGIM (adjusted P = 1.000). Weighted agreement was negligible (κ = 0.0043; 95% bootstrap CI, −0.007 to 0.015), with 329 versus 4 discordant advanced-stage classifications. Conclusion: The systems yielded different histological classifications, consistent with their distinct target lesions and the low reported prevalence of intestinal metaplasia. This does not establish clinical progression or cancer risk. Reporting both may provide complementary histological information; prospective outcome studies are needed.