TITLE:
Acute Coronary Syndrome in Young Patients (≤45 Years): A Report of 82 Cases at the Renaissance University Hospital Center in N’Djamena, Chad
AUTHORS:
Adam Ahamat Ali, Doune Narcisse, Brahim Nassour Aware, Mbaidedjim Syvain, Oumar Mahamat-Azaki, Yusra Aboulbachar
KEYWORDS:
ACS, Young Patients, N’Djamena, Chad
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.16 No.10,
October
22,
2026
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Although acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurs primarily in patients over 50 years of age, younger patients can also be affected. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and prognostic characteristics of acute coronary syndrome in young patients (≤45 years) at the Renaissance University Hospital Center in N’Djamena, Chad. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted in the cardiology department of the Renaissance University Hospital Center over a period of 7 years, including all patient records of individuals aged 45 years or younger hospitalized for ACS. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical. Results: There were 82 patients that were included in this study, of whom 63 were men (male-to-female ratio of 3.3). The mean age was 39.4 ± 4.3 years. The main cardiovascular risk factor was diabetes (27%, n = 22). Acute chest pain was the main symptom for admission (95.1%, n = 78). The mean time for admission was 31.6 ± 29.4 hours. On the electrocardiogram, 79% of patients (n = 65) had an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), where 43.1% of patients (n = 28) had it predominantly localized to the anterior septal territory. Echocardiography revealed a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in nearly one-third of cases (30.5%, n = 25). The 40.2% of patients (n = 33) received thrombolysis. The mean hospital stay was 6.8 ± 3.6 days, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 7.3% (n = 6). Conclusion: This study shows that ACS also affects young individuals in our region. Patients with ACS are predominantly male and have cardiovascular risk factors. They are most often admitted late, and the revascularization rate is low.