TITLE:
Empirical Analysis of Inter-Relationship between Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Mano Zone Countries
AUTHORS:
Moro Jean-Pierre Eby, Mounoufie Valery Koffi, Kadio Valere Rodolphe Angaman, Brou Emmanuel Aka
KEYWORDS:
Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions, Mano River
JOURNAL NAME:
Theoretical Economics Letters,
Vol.16 No.5,
October
22,
2026
ABSTRACT: This study seeks to empirically determine the direction of causality between energy consumption (En), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and CO2 emissions for a panel of the four Mano River countries from 1980 to 2010. The results show the presence of a bidirectional causality between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and CO2 emissions; a unidirectional link from energy consumption (in) to CO2 emissions. This indicates that economic growth and Energy Consumption (en) have a negative effect on environmental quality in the Mano River countries. In the long term, there appears to be a unidirectional causal relationship from Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to CO2 emissions. This means that economic growth has a positive effect on CO2 emissions. All these results indicate that energy is a force for economic growth in the short term, but in the long term it can be a source of environmental destruction. Thus, it is more than urgent to develop more concrete strategies of energy cooperation and exploit the high levels of complementarities and interdependencies between different countries, taking into account the particularities of each country in the economic area.