TITLE:
Management of Vicious Callus of the Distal End of the Humerus in Chad
AUTHORS:
Daniel Mossalbaye Adedjingue, Valentin Andjeffa, Magloire Dingamnodje, Allamine Hassan Adoum, Moussa Kalli, Service Minguemadji, Oswald Goukodadja, Adoumbaye Djimtolnan, Bahar Sougui Haliki, Choua Ouchemi
KEYWORDS:
Distal Humerus, Malunion, Osteotomy, Traditional Treatment, Chad
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Orthopedics,
Vol.16 No.9,
September
29,
2026
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Malunion of the distal humerus is a dreaded complication of fractures in this region. It is particularly common in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the profile and evaluate the management of these lesions. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted over a period of 54 months. It included all patients treated for malunion of the distal humerus with complete medical records. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Mayo Clinic score. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software (significance threshold p Results: Twenty-eight patients were included, representing a hospital incidence of 16.86% of humerus fractures. The mean age at diagnosis was 14.5 years, with a male predominance (75%). Playful injuries were the main cause (50%). Initial treatment was predominantly traditional (60.7%). On admission, the most common deformity was cubitus varus (67.9%). Surgically, osteotomy combined with pinning and splinting was the most frequent indication (64.3%). After a mean follow-up of 32.6 months, a statistically significant improvement (p Conclusion: Malunion of the distal humerus in Chad primarily affects children and adolescents, following inappropriate initial traditional treatment. Corrective osteotomy provides excellent anatomical and functional results.