TITLE:
Energy Transition in Brazil and the Role of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage
AUTHORS:
Andrieza de Aquino Eslabão, Geraldo Lavigne de Lemos, Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos
KEYWORDS:
Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), Energy Transition, Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), Negative Emissions, Bioenergy, Brazil
JOURNAL NAME:
Low Carbon Economy,
Vol.17 No.3,
September
29,
2026
ABSTRACT: Climate change demands robust measures to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Among carbon dioxide removal approaches assessed in the literature, Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) has received particular attention. This study conducted a narrative literature review of an exploratory and descriptive nature, based on 16 unique articles selected from the ScienceDirect database. The objective was to analyze the role attributed to BECCS technology in the scientific literature within the context of Brazil’s energy transition. The results indicate that Brazil has favorable conditions for BECCS deployment, including extensive bioenergy production, especially ethanol, and geological storage potential. However, the literature also identifies high costs, regulatory barriers, infrastructure constraints, and ecological risks associated with biomass cultivation. Scenario studies reviewed here indicate that BECCS may provide negative emissions that compensate for residual emissions in hard-to-abate sectors and, in some modeled pathways, permit continued partial fossil-fuel use. Accordingly, the possibility that BECCS could be invoked to support continued oil and gas production is treated in this article as a governance risk rather than as an inevitable outcome. Net-negative performance remains conditional on sustainable biomass supply, lifecycle emissions, capture-energy requirements, transport emissions, and durable geological storage.