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N. Murai, D. W. Sutton, M. G. Murray, J. L. Slightom, D. J. Merlo, N. A. Reichert, C. Sengupta-Gopalan, C. A. Stock, R. F. Baker, J. D. Kemp and T. C. Hall, “Phaseolin Gene from Bean Is Expressed after Transfer to Sunflower via Tumor-Inducing Plasmid Vectors,” Science, Vol. 222, No. 4623, 1983, pp. 476-482. doi:10.1126/science.222.4623.476

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• TITLE: Low Co-Cultivation Temperature at 20°C Resulted in the Reproducible Maximum Increase in Both the Fresh Weight Yield and Stable Expression of GUS Activity after Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of Tobacco Leaf Disks

  AUTHORS: Guiying Su, Sunjung Park, Seokhyun Lee, Norimoto Murai

  KEYWORDS: Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Co-Cultivation Temperature; Fresh Weight Yield; Stable GUS Gene Expression; Tobacco Leaf Disks; Transformation

  JOURNAL NAME: American Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol.3 No.4, April 25, 2012

  ABSTRACT: The importance of controlled temperature during the four-days co-cultivation period was evaluated under the most physiologically relevant conditions for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi (nn, Smith)) leaf disks. We compared the effect of temperatures ranging from 15°C, 18°C, 20°C, 22°C to 25°C on the stable expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity of 14 days old hygromycin-selected leaf disks, and on the increase in the fresh weight yield of 28 days old kanamycin-selected calli. The highest average of GUS activity was obtained at 20°C among the five temperatures tested although the difference between the 18°C and 20°C treatment was not statistically significant. The GUS activity at 15°C was statistically lower than those at 18°C and 20°C. The GUS activity in 22°C treatment was an intermediate between the highest (18/20°C) and second highest averages (15°C), and was not statistically significantly different. The lowest average of GUS activity was observed at 25°C. The highest increase in the plate average of fresh weight yield was obtained at 20°C among the five temperature tested. The 20°C treatment was statistically significantly better than the 15°C and 18°C treatments. The 20°C co-cultivation treatment resulted in the higher FW yield than 22°C and 25°C even though the differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, low co-cultivation temperature at 20°C resulted in the reproducible maximum increase in both the fresh weight yield and stable expression of GUS activity after transformation of tobacco leaf disks.