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Hammad, M. H. (2018). The Level of Analytical Thinking and Its Relationship to General Self-Efficacy among a Sample of Damascus University Students. Master’s Thesis, Damascus University.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Fostering Analytical Thinking through STEM: An Experimental Study with Student Teachers in Gaza

  AUTHORS: Ata H. Darwish, Sahar Darwish

  KEYWORDS: STEM Approach, Analytical Thinking, Proposed Program

  JOURNAL NAME: Creative Education, Vol.17 No.9, September 18, 2026

  ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effectiveness of a proposed STEM-based program in developing analytical thinking among basic education female students at Al-Azhar University in Gaza. Using a quasi-experimental, single-group pre-posttest design, the program was applied to 18 fourth-level female student teachers. The researchers developed the instructional materials—including the proposed program, teacher’s guide, and student manual—alongside an analytical thinking test. Findings revealed statistically significant differences (α = 0.002) between pre- and post-test mean scores in favor of the post-application. Furthermore, the program demonstrated high educational effectiveness, achieving a McGuigan gain coefficient of 0.78, exceeding the acceptable 0.60 threshold. The study recommends integrating STEM strategies into pre-service teacher preparation and in-service training programs to enhance analytical thinking skills.