TITLE:
The Moderating Effect of Socio-Demographic Characteristics on the Relationship between Hospitality Skill Preparedness and Job Performance among Graduate Employees in 3 - 5-Star Rated Hotels in Greater Accra, Ghana
AUTHORS:
Georgina Dadson, Beatrice Kamau, Robert Irungu
KEYWORDS:
Hospitality Skill Preparedness, Job Performance, Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Moderation Effect, Graduate Employees, Ghana
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Industrial and Business Management,
Vol.16 No.9,
September
18,
2026
ABSTRACT: Objective: This study examines the relationship between hospitality skill preparedness and job performance among graduate employees in 3 - 5-star rated hotels in Greater Accra, Ghana, and determines whether socio-demographic characteristics moderate this relationship. Methods: A descriptive survey design was employed using a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 384 graduate employees across 15 selected star-rated hotels using structured questionnaires. Results: The findings reveal that hospitality skill preparedness significantly influences job performance (β = 0.624, p p p = 0.003), education level (β = 0.142, p = 0.001), and tenure (β = 0.158, p Conclusion: The study concludes that while skill preparedness is a critical determinant of job performance, its effects are contingent upon the socio-demographic profiles of employees. Recommendations: Hotel managers and human resource practitioners should adopt differentiated approaches to training and development that account for the socio-demographic diversity of their workforce.