TITLE:
Integrated Deep-Lake Water Cooling Infrastructure for Continuous Operation and Monitoring: The Case of a Bioreactor for a Sustainable Lake
AUTHORS:
Olympia Betts, Tamás Kovács
KEYWORDS:
Dual-Chamber Bioreactor, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, Aspergillus niger, Infrastructure Integration
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.17 No.9,
September
10,
2026
ABSTRACT: This paper presents the fundamentals for the development of a dual-chamber bioreactor integrated into deep-lake water cooling systems. The proposed design enables controlled side-stream operation, continuous monitoring of key water-quality parameters, and automatic bypass mechanisms that default to untreated return water in the event of system deviation. The design incorporates upstream screening and filtration, moderated shear flow, removable fibre cartridges, and operational redundancy. The tannase enzymatic hydrolysis of tannic acid by modified Aspergillus niger (A. niger) culture bound to a cellulose-based microfiber support provides low hydraulic resistance and allows controlled release into the natural environment. The integrated system is capable of operating continuously under lake-derived hydraulic and thermal conditions while allowing controlled release into the environment. In addition, the proposed integration with the existing deep-lake cooling infrastructure introduces engineering and operational uncertainties, including bio-fouling, membrane degradation, sensor drift, and failure modes under variable flow conditions. This study proposes a solution to the need for a structured infrastructure-integrated system that could help mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing massive carbon emissions.