TITLE:
Visual Symptoms Associated with Prolonged Screen Exposure: A Descriptive and Analytical Cross-Sectional Study in the City of Maradi, Niger
AUTHORS:
Amadou Bouba Traoré Hassane, Laminou Laouali, Nouhou Diori Adam, Issiaka Boukary Moctar, Abba Kaka Hadja Yakoura, Amza Abdou, Abdel Nacer Amoukou Issiaka
KEYWORDS:
Asthenopic Symptoms, Screens, Blurred Vision, Computer Vision Syndrome, Public Health, Niger
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Ophthalmology,
Vol.16 No.3,
August
12,
2026
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Intensive use of digital screens is a hallmark of modern life, leading to an increase in visual symptoms collectively referred to as computer vision syndrome or asthenopic symptoms. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of these symptoms in a population in the city of Maradi, Niger. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a six-month period, from April to September 2025. A convenience sample of 210 participants, who were regular screen users, was recruited. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, screen usage habits, and reported visual symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info software. Results: The mean age of the 210 participants was 34.64 ± 11.12 years, with a predominance of males (male-to-female ratio = 2.68). Students constituted the largest occupational group (36.67%). The cell phone was the most frequently used screen (40.48% for exclusive use). The overall prevalence of asthenopic symptoms was 82.38%. The most common symptoms were eye strain (13.81%) and blurred vision (13.81%), followed by headaches. Daily screen time exceeding 4 hours and the absence of regular breaks were significantly associated with a higher frequency of symptoms. Only 22.86% of symptomatic participants had consulted an eye care professional. Conclusion: Screen-related visual symptoms are highly prevalent in our study population, highlighting an emerging public health issue. Increased awareness of good ergonomic practices, such as the 20-20-20 rule, and encouragement of regular eye exams are necessary to prevent long-term consequences for eye health.