TITLE:
A FEM Approach to Evaluate Thermoregulation in the Human Body during Cycling Due to the Metabolic Effect
AUTHORS:
Dev Chandra Shrestha, Saraswati Acharya
KEYWORDS:
Ambient Temperature, Sweat Evaporation, Metabolic Rate, Threshold Value, Thermoregulation
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics,
Vol.14 No.8,
August
11,
2026
ABSTRACT: The physical properties of convective and evaporative heat loss and thermo-physical properties such as blood perfusion, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and metabolic heat generation rate play a significant role in thermoregulation in the human body during cycling. During cycling, skeletal muscles generate a large amount of metabolic energy, which is distributed over different parts of the body through the perfusion process. Surplus heat energy is released from the body through tears and maintains the body during thermoregulation. The temperature profiles of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue were analyzed at various ambient temperatures and sweat evaporation rates. The solution of the model was performed in a one-dimensional steady state using the finite element method (FEM), and the obtained results were simulated graphically.