Article citationsMore>>

Kaplan, J. (2021). Self-Employed People Are 4 Times Wealthier than Workers, on Average. Business Insider.
https://www.businessinsider.com/self-employed-people-wealthier-than-workers-on-average-2021-8

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Employment Type and Its Relationship with the Distribution of U.S. Family’s Full-Income

  AUTHORS: Hisham S. El-Osta

  KEYWORDS: Annuitized Wealth, Full-Income, Money Income, Survey of Consumer Finances, Economic Inequality

  JOURNAL NAME: Theoretical Economics Letters, Vol.16 No.4, August 11, 2026

  ABSTRACT: Total family income is a common measure of the economic well-being of U.S. families. However, this economic indicator is highly variable due mostly to temporary disturbances in some of the components of total family income. This paper uses a subset of data from the 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances to examine the dispersion in economic well-being based on a comprehensive indicator that combines income and annuitized wealth, which is referred to as ‘full-income’. The contributions of the various components of full-income toward inequality are assessed for families based on whether the family reference person in the survey is self-employed or works for someone else. The paper also considers the role of age and education, the most common indicators used in the literature to measure human capital, in inequality assessment.