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Reid, I., Okeke-Ramos, A., & Serafin, M. (2024). Exploring the ethics of cyber deception technologies for defensive cyber deception. In P. Bednar, J. Kavrestad, E. Bergstrom, M. Rajanen, H. V. Hult, A. M. Braccini, A. S. Islind, & F. Zaghloul (Eds.), Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Socio-Technical Perspectives in Information Systems (pp. 140-148). CEUR Workshop Proceedings.
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3857/paper9.pdf

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• TITLE: Trust, Risk, and Investment Confidence in Defensive Cyber Deception Adoption

  AUTHORS: Daniel Ward

  KEYWORDS: Cyber Deception, Cybersecurity Investment, Investment Confidence, Operational Technology, Risk Perception, Technology Adoption, Trust

  JOURNAL NAME: Technology and Investment, Vol.17 No.3, August 7, 2026

  ABSTRACT: Defensive cyber deception technologies use decoys, honeytokens, simulated services, and false artifacts to create high-confidence signals when adversaries interact with resources that legitimate users should not touch. Although these tools are often discussed as technical controls, their adoption also depends on investment confidence: whether practitioners believe the capability is valuable, trustworthy, controllable, and worth organizational resources. This study examines that problem using secondary analysis of an existing deidentified survey dataset collected from industrial control system and operational technology professionals. The analysis tested whether investment confidence, self-efficacy/direct experience, social validation, and instructional support predicted adoption readiness and effective utilization beyond education, experience, and sector. The complete-case sample for the primary regression was 264. Demographics alone explained little variance in adoption readiness, R-squared = 0.026, p = 0.225. Adding perception-based predictors increased explained variance to R-squared = 0.639, p p