TITLE:
ICT Competencies and Technology Leadership Practices among In-Service Teachers in Rural Primary Schools
AUTHORS:
Lim Yen Teng, Muhd Khaizer Omar, Arnida Abdullah, Soaib Asimiran, Wei Jin
KEYWORDS:
ICT Competency, Technology Leadership, Primary School Teachers, Rural Schools, Malaysia
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Social Sciences,
Vol.14 No.7,
July
29,
2026
ABSTRACT: The evolution of industries has shaped the education and learning process to be vibrant and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) driven. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of educational technology and reshaped pedagogical practices. Notably, the school stakeholders encounter struggles in bridging the gap in ICT between urban and rural schools. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between ICT competency and technology leadership practices among rural primary school teachers in the Klang district of Selangor, Malaysia. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, and the respondents were 121 teachers from 35 rural government primary schools under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. Permission to conduct the research was obtained from the Education Planning and Research Division (EPRD) and the State Education Department (SED). A Google Form was adopted to distribute the survey form, and the data were compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. Descriptive analysis indicated that three dimensions of teachers’ ICT competency: 1) knowledge, 2) skills, and 3) attitudes are at a high level, and technology leadership practices are also at a high level. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a moderate positive association between the two variables (r = 0.571, p