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Marocchino, A., Tzoufras, M., Atzeni, S., Schiavi, A., Nicolaï, P.D., Mallet, J., et al. (2013) Comparison for Non-Local Hydrodynamic Thermal Conduction Models. Physics of Plasmas, 20, Article ID: 022702.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4789878

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: On Modeling Energetic Electrons in Laser Fusion Plasmas

  AUTHORS: Wallace Manheimer

  KEYWORDS: Laser Fusion, Energetic Electrons, Energetic Electrons for Laser Fusion, Fokker Planck Equation, Solutions to the Fokker Planck Equation

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol.16 No.7, July 24, 2026

  ABSTRACT: It has been known for decades that laser fusion can be and often is plagued by the production of energetic electrons, produced either by an instability, or by the energetic tail of a Maxwellian distribution. Despite more than 25 years of a variety of efforts, there is still no generally accepted way to treat or address this issue. This work hopes to advance the progress by developing a Fokker Planck model which is simple enough to be used at every time step of a rad-hydro simulation, and accurate enough to be useful. It makes several approximations, the main one being that the percentage of these energetic electrons is small. Recent experiments confirm that so far, this has proven to be the case for plasmas subject to laser plasma instabilities. Hence energetic electrons interact with the background plasma and not with each other. This work makes no attempt to solve for the entire electron distribution function. It makes a variety of other approximations to solve the resulting Fokker Planck equation. This report both summarizes the author’s work with the NRL group and presents his new advances since the termination of the NRL project. The author hopes this will be a good starting point for any person or group who wishes to continue this work. An important result is our tentative conclusion that energetic electrons may not be such a big problem for laser fusion.