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Elia, V., Ausanio, G., De Ninno, A., Gentile, F., Germano, R., Napoli, E. and Niccoli, M. (2013) Experimental Evidence of Stable Aggregates of Water at Room Temperature and Normal Pressure after Iterative Contact with a Nafion® Polymer Membrane. Water, 5, 16-26.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Clusters of Microparticles in Distilled Water: A Kaleidoscope of Versions and Paradoxes of Nature

  AUTHORS: Tatyana Yakhno, Vladimir Yakhno

  KEYWORDS: Distilled Water, Dispersed Phase, Hydrated Water, Evaporation, Phase Transitions, Sodium Chloride

  JOURNAL NAME: World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol.16 No.1, June 30, 2026

  ABSTRACT: The presence of microparticles (clusters of micron size) of unknown origin in the volume of water, including highly purified water (bidistilled, deionized), has been repeatedly demonstrated by various methods of physical analysis. Various assumptions have been made about the nature of these microparticles, but none of them has become generally accepted. The review analyzes the literature data and the results obtained by the authors using optical and electron scanning microscopes. The composition and phase state of distilled water deposits at the bottom of glassware after evaporation of free water are considered. The structure of the microdispersed phase of distilled water and the mechanism of phase transitions of its components in the process of natural evaporation, the end products of which are gel-like water and sodium chloride crystals, are proposed.