TITLE:
Opportunities and Challenges of Explainable AI (XAI) in Health Care: A Review
AUTHORS:
Mahbuba Begum, Jannatul Ferdush
KEYWORDS:
Artificial Intelligence, Trustworthy, Explainability, Healthcare
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Computer and Communications,
Vol.14 No.6,
June
24,
2026
ABSTRACT: The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a decision-making model in healthcare applications faces difficulties because of the black box nature of deep learning (DL) models. Doctors must evaluate a patient’s condition based on logical explanations. Therefore, explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) plays an important role by providing interpretable explanations for model decisions. This review examines the role of XAI in healthcare by highlighting key techniques, XAI opportunities, application, critical challenges, and recent developments. Also, this research proposes a XAI framework for healthcare system based on existing challenges. Finally, the review outlines practical strategies and future research directions to mitigate these challenges for enhancing trust and usability of XAI systems in real-world healthcare environments.