TITLE:
A Critical Environmental Sustainability Evaluation of a UK University Solar Panel Installation
AUTHORS:
Gary Steven Robertshaw
KEYWORDS:
Campus Sustainability, Solar Panels, Carbon Audit, Stakeholder Mapping, Renewable Energy
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Environmental Protection,
Vol.17 No.6,
June
17,
2026
ABSTRACT: This paper provides a forecast critical environmental sustainability evaluation of a UK university’s proposed solar panel installation and impact assessment on key stakeholders. The objectives were to forecast greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and identify areas for reduction, forecast payback and carbon neutrality periods, and map stakeholder relationships. A carbon audit gathered GHG emissions data for raw material extraction, solar panel manufacture, transportation and decommissioning. The functional unit for measuring greenhouse gas emissions was kg CO2-eq. Stakeholder mapping analysed inter-relationships between various groups such as management, staff and students. The vast majority of GHG emissions arise from raw material extraction. However, the use of recycled materials could significantly reduce the installation’s carbon footprint. The installation is forecast to become carbon neutral within 2 years and payback within 4 years. Stakeholder analysis suggests potential areas of resistance; specifically a challenging economic situation, timing and choice of system. Carbon auditing lacks a standardised methodology so different audits can yield different forecasts. Campus location, available space, choice of system and type of solar panels affect costs and payback periods. The findings are therefore indicative in nature. Accreditation of material suppliers and supply chain transparency is important. Recycled materials should be prioritised with contractors subject to cost. This significantly affects the installation’s carbon footprint. The findings provide an indication of the environmental and cost benefits of solar installations on university campuses, whilst identifying the associated relationship dynamics and power influences of key stakeholders.