TITLE:
Obstetric Acute Renal Failure: Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects in Intensive Care at the Owendo University Hospital Center, Gabon
AUTHORS:
Arthur Matsanga, Arsène Ifoudji Makao, Raphaël Okoué Ondo, Leslie Vanessa Sagbo Ada, Charlène Okome, Fernande Manga, Gérald Mba Edou, Aimé Vemba, Nathan Ekegue, Bertrand Mpiga Mickoto, Ervais Richard Obame
KEYWORDS:
Acute Renal Failure, Obstetrics, Intensive Care
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Emergency Medicine,
Vol.14 No.2,
June
10,
2026
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Obstetric acute kidney injury (AKI) is a rare but serious complication responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, etiological, and evolutionary aspects of AKI in women in labor admitted to the intensive care unit of Owendo University Hospital (CHUO). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted over a two-year period. Patients admitted to intensive care for obstetric complications and presenting with AKI according to the KDIGO classification were included. Medical records and treatment reports were used for data collection. Sociodemographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic, and etiological parameters were analyzed. Results: One hundred and fifty-three cases of obstetric pathologies were collected, including 20 cases (13%) of acute kidney injury (AKI). The mean age was 29.2 ± 6.2 years. Sixteen women (80%) were multiparous. The main etiologies were severe pre-eclampsia in 14 cases (70%) and hemorrhagic shock in 4 cases (20%). Oliguria/anuria was present in 6 patients. According to the KDIGO classification, 17 patients (85%) were classified as KDIGO 1. Management consisted of fluid resuscitation (70%), diuretic administration (15%), and renal replacement therapy (5%). Seventeen patients achieved complete recovery. The mortality rate was 10%. Conclusion: Obstetric AKI accounts for 13% of cases in the intensive care unit of Owendo University Hospital. Severe pre-eclampsia and hemorrhagic shock are the main causes.