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Wiek, A., Withycombe, L., & Redman, C. L. (2011). Key Competencies in Sustainability: A Reference Framework for Academic Program Development. Sustainability Science, 6, 203-218.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-011-0132-6

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Linear Regression Approach to Evaluating Pre-Post Learning Outcomes of Education for Sustainable Development

  AUTHORS: Yutaka Iguchi

  KEYWORDS: Regression Analysis, ESD, Competency, Pre-Post Intervention Change

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, Vol.14 No.5, May 28, 2026

  ABSTRACT: There is no standard method for analyzing and displaying pre-post test scores in Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) programs. This article proposes a simple linear regression analysis to display and evaluate pre-post intervention changes in competency scores in ESD. Using three previously published datasets as examples, the results indicated that the mean pre-post change scores adjusted by the mean pre-intervention scores were better indicators of the development of ESD competencies. The linear regression analysis may be a statistically and visually useful method for comparing pre-post intervention changes in ESD competencies among different studies.