TITLE:
Origin of the Electric Charge and Its Two Signs
AUTHORS:
Giovanni Guido
KEYWORDS:
Electric Charge, IQuO, Semi-Quantum, Sub-Oscillator, Phase Interaction, Fermion, Boson
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology,
Vol.12 No.2,
April
29,
2026
ABSTRACT: Here, we explore in depth the idea emerged in some of our studies on the origin of the signs (±) of the electric charge (e) of a particle, according to which these two signs (±e) are related to the two directions (clockwise (cl) and counterclockwise (cl)) of rotation of the phase of the wave oscillation associated with the particle. We demonstrate that this is possible if one uses the IQuO-representation of a quantum oscillator of field structured by “sub-oscillators” with “semi-quanta”. The consequences of this “new Physics” are multiple and allow us to represent the “internal” structure of the particles. Finally, the structure of the IQuO of a fermionic field and that of a bosonic field is shown, allowing us to represent the process of pair annihilation.