TITLE:
Camel Manure-Derived Biochar/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite as a Sustainable Adsorbent for Pb(II) and Cd(II) Removal from Wastewater
AUTHORS:
Nabil Abduraqeb Alhemiary, Mohammed Ali Helmi
KEYWORDS:
Camel Manure-Derived, Biochar, Wastewater, Removal of Heavy Metal, Iron Oxide
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry,
Vol.16 No.3,
March
4,
2026
ABSTRACT: This study synthesizes a magnetic biochar nanocomposite from camel manure via pyrolysis and co-precipitation to remove lead and cadmium from aqueous solutions. The researchers characterize the material using FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and XPS, confirming the presence of iron oxide and surface functional groups. Batch adsorption experiments indicate that the composite achieves high removal efficiencies (97.46% for Pb and 99.17% for Cd) following pseudo-second-order kinetics.