TITLE:
Using an Antimicrobial Composition of Plant Extracts-Clove Oil, Miswak Tree Sap, and Acacia Fruit against Bacteria Isolated from Dental Caries Patients
AUTHORS:
Zenaba Abakar Ali, Ali Barka Mahamat, Mahamat Ibet Chaib, Mahamat Hassan Abdel-Aziz, Saleh Bakhit Sinon, Djamalladin Mahamat Doungous, Zahara Moussa Klol, Issa Adam Ramat, Hassan Bachir Alamine
KEYWORDS:
Antimicrobial Activity, Medicinal Plant Extracts, Tooth Decay Bacteria, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Alternative to Antibiotics
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering,
Vol.19 No.2,
February
24,
2026
ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts (arak tree, clove oil and loan) against a group of clinically isolated tooth decay bacteria from some patients with tooth decay from different hospitals. The samples were collected and isolated and classified in the laboratory on the agar-maconkey and nutrient agar environments, which included bacteria that are affected by tooth decay (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus) and were identified and confirmed by chemo biotic tests. The plant extracts were prepared using ethanol extracts to evaluate their antibacterial activity using tablet diffusion in addition to measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC at concentrations of 12, 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml, where the results showed that arac extract and clove oil had the highest antibacterial activity with observed inhibition regions against Streptococcus mutans Lactobacillus spp, while the effectiveness of the tablet fruit was relatively lower. It was also compared the effectiveness of plant extracts with a range of antibiotics. Some extracts have shown comparable effects of antibiotics against some bacteria. We conclude from this research that the use of natural extracts is effective and may contribute to the development of an alternative or complement to antibiotics for the treatment of tooth decay and oral bacterial infections.