TITLE:
Accuracy and Response Speed of Eye Center Annotation Using Eye Movement Models: Validating the Effectiveness of Eyesight Detection
AUTHORS:
Xinzhe An, Xiaofan Xu, Zhenwei Ye
KEYWORDS:
Eye Center Annotation, Mediapipe, Dlib, Haar Cascade, RetinaFace, Accuracy, Eyesight
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Applied Sciences,
Vol.16 No.2,
February
14,
2026
ABSTRACT: Eye center annotation is vital for ophthalmic diagnostics and surgery. However, existing algorithms often require specialized equipment and face challenges in real-time performance, particularly under varying lighting. This study evaluates four widely used facial landmarking algorithms—Mediapipe, Dlib, Haar Cascade, and RetinaFace—in the task of eye iris center annotation. The optimal algorithm is employed to validate the effectiveness in optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) detection and eyesight assessment. The results demonstrate that Mediapipe outperforms the other algorithms, offering superior real-time performance, high accuracy, and robust adaptability to different lighting conditions. Additionally, this study validates its potential in eyesight detection.