TITLE:
Optimizing Diabetes Management: Insights from a Prospective Study
AUTHORS:
Loubna Saadaoui, Fatima Zahra Melki, Hayat Aynaou, Houda Salhi
KEYWORDS:
Diabetes Management, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Therapeutic Objectives, Metabolic Control, Complications Prevention
JOURNAL NAME:
Case Reports in Clinical Medicine,
Vol.15 No.2,
February
14,
2026
ABSTRACT: Introduction: According to the results of a large international observational study, IDMPS (The International Diabetes Management Practices Study), the achievement of therapeutic objectives in terms of glycemic control (HbA1c Materials and Methods: This prospective, descriptive, and analytical study was performed at the Endocrinology Department of Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, from January 2020 to December 2022, and included patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes receiving follow-up in a specialized diabetology consultation. The primary endpoint was glycemic control, assessed using patient-level mean HbA1c over the two-year follow-up, while the secondary endpoints included weight loss, blood pressure control, and lipid control, represented by the averages of BMI, blood pressure, and LDL-C levels collected during patient follow-up. Results: After two years of follow-up, good metabolic control—defined as the simultaneous achievement of the three therapeutic targets (glycemic control, blood pressure control, and lipid control)—was attained by 42.8% of patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and 39.8% of those with Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM). Achieving good metabolic control was significantly associated with a reduction in cardiovascular events (p = 0.013; OR = 0.22; 95% CI [0.19 - 0.28]) and microvascular complications (p = 0.001; OR = 0.31; 95% CI [0.26 - 0.43]). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, several factors were independently associated with the achievement of optimal metabolic control. These included High socioeconomic status (OR = 0.72, 95% CI [0.35 - 0.97]), weight loss of 5- 10% from baseline body weight (OR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.54 - 0.83]), number of education sessions > 6 (OR = 0.59, 95% CI [0.26 - 0.97]), therapeutic adherence (OR = 0.79, 95% CI [0.46 - 0.98]), and self-monitoring of blood glucose > 4/day (OR = 0.41, 95% CI [0.11 - 0.83]). Conclusion: Good metabolic control is the cornerstone of any strategy aimed at reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications. Nevertheless, the practical implementation of recommendations for the management of people with diabetes remains a real challenge for the various healthcare systems around the world. Our study shows an improvement in the metabolic control of diabetics during follow-up.