TITLE:
Fine-Structure Constant Derived from the Structural Constant of All Atoms
AUTHORS:
Milan Perkovac
KEYWORDS:
Fine-Structure Constant, Structural Constant of All Atoms, Ionization Potential of Single Atom, Mendeleev’s Periodic Table, Unit of Substance Type “boscovich”
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics,
Vol.14 No.1,
January
30,
2026
ABSTRACT: The fine-structure constant α was introduced into physics by Arnold Somerfeld more than a century ago (1915). This quantity is attributed with the significance of describing the interaction between electrically charged particles and photons and its official value is α = 7.297 352 5643(11) × 10−3 [1/α = 137.035999177(21)] according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, on October 18, 2025. This constant is the ratio of the square of the electron charge e to twice the product of the vacuum permittivity ε0, Planck’s constant h, and the speed of light in a vacuum c; α = e2/(2ε0hc). So, fine-structure constant is expressed using four physical constants, which give the specified dimensionless physical number. The physical meaning of this constant has never been fully explained, so various meanings and properties are still attributed to this constant today. Since this constant appears in many physical phenomena, and without any real insight into its physical background, many people refer to it as a mystical constant. In article here, the fine-structure constant is physically derived using the structural constant of all atoms, which is in turn related to the ionization energy of each individual atom. This gives things a different and clear meaning, so there is no room for any mysticism now. Here we will provide a physically clear basis for interpreting the meaning of the fine-structure constant, this uses theoretical methods of the author of this article as well in experimental tests conducted by NIST, when testing the ionization potential of 110 atoms from Mendeleev’s periodic table of elements, starting from hydrogen, with ordinal number one, to Darmstadtium, with ordinal number 110. In short, the research mentioned here has confirmed the existence of the structural constant of all atoms in each atom with an accuracy greater than any other NIST physical quantity, which means that these other physical quantities in which the structural constant of all atoms appears should be corrected accordingly, as stated for each specific case in this article.