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Ewane, D., Ndam, L.M., Agyingi, A.A., Ekeke, C.E.F., Ewane, E.E.E., Ewane, B.E., et al. (2025) Processing Vernonia amygdalina Delile to Reduce Competition for Food between Humans and Livestock. Journal of Agricultural Science, 17, 46-62.
https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v17n12p46

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Selection-Specific Bioactive Metabolites from Vernonia hymenolepis Wash Water Dictate Broiler Growth and Metabolic Efficiency in a Yeast-Dominant Fermentation System

  AUTHORS: Divine Ewane, Lawrence Monah Ndam, Godfred Mbah Nchole Ndifor, Brulin Aneng Ndi, Brandon Rahim Fogang Keubiwou, Emmanuella Esunge Ekwelle Ewane, Ekuh Bazil Ewane, Eugene E. Ehabe, Kennedy F. Chah

  KEYWORDS: Fermentation, Vernonia hymenolepis, Chemotype, Phytobiotics, Yeast-Dominant, Metabolic Antagonism, Nutrient Decoupling, Broiler

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Animal Sciences, Vol.16 No.1, January 21, 2026

  ABSTRACT: The combined application of fermentation, phytobiotics, and endogenous probiotics offers a promising, sustainable alternative to conventional feed strategies, particularly for small-scale poultry production. This study evaluated the effects of fermenting a corn/soy diet using wash water (VhWW) derived from four distinct chemotypes of Vernonia hymenolepis (Green Bitter [GBVh, T4], Green Sweet [GSVh, T5], Purple Bitter [PBVh, T6], and Purple Sweet [PSVh, T7]) on broiler performance, nutrient utilization, and metabolism. A mandatory daily aeration step in the 72-hour staggered fermentation system created a novel Yeast-dominant, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB)-suppressed ecology across all VhWW treatments (≥8.00 log10CFU/mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This ecology conferred antimicrobial selectivity, achieving the elimination of E. coli in T4, T5, and T6. The PBVh selection (T6) yielded the highest Body Weight Gain (BWG: 2191.00 g, P