TITLE:
Mortality and Morbidity of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Cardiology Department of Point G University Hospital
AUTHORS:
Boubacar Cissé, Souleymane Coulibaly, Nouhoum Diallo, Almou Diall, Ami Diarra, Ousmane Samaké, Amadou Dramé, Boubacar Diallo, Seydou Diakité, Mamadou Diarra, Ilo Bella Diall, Ishaka Menta, Hamidou Ba, Ibrahim Sangaré, Youssouf Camara, Mamadou Diakité, Massama Konaté, Abdoul Karim Sacko, Samba Sidibé, Boureima Dembelé, Feu Boureima Coulibaly, Asmao Keita, Sanoussi Daffé, Souleymane Diallo, Coumba Thiam, Mariam Sacko, Alou Sangaré, Mamadou Touré, Aissata Guindo, Yves Roland Koumaré
KEYWORDS:
Cardiovascular Diseases, CHU Point G, Aissata Ibrahima Cissé Cardiology Practice
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.15 No.12,
December
29,
2025
ABSTRACT: Introduction: According to the WHO, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with 17.9 million deaths in 2019, accounting for 32% of all deaths globally [1]. Of these deaths, 7.4 million were due to ischaemic heart disease and 6.7 million to stroke. [1]. More than 82% of deaths related to cardiovascular disease occur in low- and middle-income countries and affect both sexes almost equally. [1]. In developing countries, the frequency of cardiovascular disease is underestimated due to the lack of large epidemiological surveys that could provide baseline data. The objective was to study morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular disease in the cardiology department of the Point G University Hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive study based on the records of patients hospitalised or not in the cardiology department of the Point G University Hospital. The study covered the period from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015 and included a population of 2000 patients, of whom 1264 had usable medical records. This constitutes a risk of selection bias, given that 36.8% of the initial patient records (736 out of 2000) were excluded due to incomplete records, key examinations not performed on patients, most often due to lack of resources, and poor record keeping in the department. This reduction could have an impact on the generalisation of the results. Results: The sample comprised 1264 patients, including 736 women (58.2%) and 528 men (41.8%), with a sex ratio of 0.72 in favour of women. The 56 - 65 age group was the dominant modal class, representing approximately one quarter of the sample (24.2%). The main reasons for consultation were dyspnoea (22.2%), cough (15.5%) and high blood pressure (13.7%). Hypertension was the main risk factor (60.1%). Nearly three-quarters of patients (74.8%) had hypertension on admission. The heart rhythm was mainly sinus (94%) and regular (90.7%). 234 patients had conduction disorders, including 26 with BBG, and 329 had rhythm disorders, including 75 with extrasystoles. Left ventricular hypertrophy (30.2%) predominated among chamber hypertrophies. Of 203 echocardiograms, valvular lesions were observed in 124 cases (single orifice) and 65 cases (double orifice). The lesions were patent in 128 cases, stenotic in 33 cases, and double in 42 cases. Overall systolic function was impaired in more than one-third of cases (33.4%), and segmental kinetics were impaired in 15.8% of cases. In the distribution of nosological groups according to age, we also observed: 1) early onset of hypertension, with an increase in recruitment with age; 2) a distribution of primary cardiomyopathies and vascular diseases across all age groups; 3) early recruitment of chronic pulmonary heart disease; 4) and finally, the absence of congenital heart disease. Vascular diseases were dominated by neurovascular events, which accounted for approximately two-thirds of the total (64%). Ischemic strokes accounted for more than three-quarters of the total (78.3%). In addition to a low-salt diet (74%), the most frequently used therapeutic agents were ACE inhibitors (44.2%), calcium channel blockers (amlodipine) with 40.6%, diuretics (39.7%), antiplatelet agents (40.3%) and beta-blockers (34.3%). The average length of hospitalisation was 10 days, with extremes of 3 and 28 days. The results were generally favourable (87.5%). We recorded 36 cases of complications (2.7%), including 28 cardiac decompensations, 4 strokes, 3 pulmonary embolisms and one ST (+) acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We recorded 86 deaths, representing an overall mortality rate of 6.8%.