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Abreu-Afonso, J., & Leal, I. (2016). Faces III: Adaptation and Validation of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES)—Couple Version—for the Portuguese Population. Mosaico: Revista de la Federación Española de Asociaciones de Terapia Familiar, 63, 92-107.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Cohesion, Adaptability, and Gender across the Marital Cycle

  AUTHORS: José de Abreu-Afonso, Isabel Leal, Vera Proença

  KEYWORDS: Cohesion, Adaptability, Marital Relationships, Life Cycle

  JOURNAL NAME: Psychology, Vol.16 No.12, December 24, 2025

  ABSTRACT: This paper evaluates cohesion and adaptability over the course of marital relationships. The couple version of the FACES-III scale by D. H. Olson, J. Portner, and Y. Lavee (1985) was used, adapted and validated for the Portuguese population by Abreu-Afonso and Leal (2016). The sample consisted of 185 couples at different stages of the marital cycle. The results revealed gender similarities in the perception of cohesion and adaptability. However, women expressed a greater desire for adaptability. At the formation stage of the couple, women showed higher ideal cohesion compared with women in other stages of the life cycle, whereas women in old age exhibited the opposite pattern. Across the marital cycle, when comparing cohabitation with marriage, men in cohabiting relationships demonstrated higher cohesion and adaptability, and women also displayed higher cohesion.