TITLE:
Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease in the Nephrology and Hemodialysis Department of the Point G University Hospital Center, Bamako, Mali
AUTHORS:
Seydou Sy, Aboubacar Sidiki Fofana, Magara Samake, Djénéba Maiga, Sidi Fomba, Melissa Danielle Wandji Ngueyep, Hamadoun Yattara, Moustapha Tangara, Modi Sidibe, Alkaya Touré, Youssouf Singadou Ousmane Djiguiba, Saharé Fongoro
KEYWORDS:
Chronic Kidney Disease, CRF, Nephrology, CHU Point G
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Nephrology,
Vol.15 No.4,
December
23,
2025
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global public health issue. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CKD, establish its etiologies, and identify prognostic factors. Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive study conducted over a one-year period from January 1 to December 31, 2022. It focused on patients hospitalized in the nephrology department at Point G University Hospital during the study period. Patients hospitalized for confirmed chronic kidney disease during the study period with a complete medical record and who gave their consent were included. Results: Of the 709 patients, 351 met our criteria, representing a hospital frequency of 49.5%. The average age was 38.09 ± 15.268 years, with extremes of 6 and 80 years. Males accounted for 58.1% of cases, with a sex ratio of 1.4. One in two patients had a low socioeconomic status, i.e., 55.3% (194 cases). Upon admission, 81 patients (23.1%) had oligo-anuria. The presence of uremic frost and pericardial friction was noted in 17.4% and 6.6% of cases, respectively. Based on blood pressure, 239 patients (68.1%) were hypertensive versus 104 cases (29.63%) with normal blood pressure and 8 cases (2.27%) with arterial hypotension. The mean serum creatinine was 1439.53 ± 941.56 µmol/L. According to MDRD, CKD was stage 5 in 306 patients (87.2%). Ten patients (2.8%) had CKD without renal failure. In terms of bone mineral status, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia were found in 88.98% of patients, compared with 58% with vitamin D3 deficiency and 93% with hyperparathyroidism. Proteinuria was minimal in 49.8% of cases. On ultrasound, renal atrophy of less than 100 mm in the long axis was noted in 69.9% of patients with poor corticomedullary differentiation, and pyelocaliceal dilatation in 12.71% of cases. The initial nephropathy in patients was dominated by chronic vascular nephropathy 33.04% (116 cases), idiopathic CGN 21.08% (74) and chronic tubulo-interstitial nephropathy 11.68% (41 cases). The outcome was favorable in 233 patients (66.38%) compared with 48 deaths (13.68%), 53 lost to follow-up (15.1%), and 17 cases discharged against medical advice (4.84%). Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is common and has a poor prognosis, especially in a context of limited resources. High blood pressure was identified as the main cause. Community programmes for the early detection of high blood pressure and chronic kidney disease need to be implemented in order to significantly reduce the incidence of chronic kidney disease.